PˆàÇهʇ®‡á° BÚ¨‡ £Ã‡áÊÝíP‡ãÇá AÇӇÇ Óèí¨‡¿áì ±‡Åhˆn, A¨‡á½ñ‡Êݨ‡ P‡orv‡ ¯Ê‡Þì| ñ‡íñ‡ÅhÝn®‡, ÊÝӇᤠ±ˆÅàʇáPˆãRí¨‡á iàʇíñ‡ E¨ÝևÇOˆ ±‡¨‡¾®Ý»‡±‡âÇ AÇʇᮈ.
 |
|
WÝñ‡Å¨‡‰È ±‡âor¨Ý¨‡ D AÇʇᮈ P‡Çݨ‡êÑrÀáí¨‡ ¨ˆãv‡x¨‡á
|
WÝñ‡Å¨‡ ¨‡êÑr¿á‰È ¨ˆà͇¨‡‰È C¨‡QRíñ‡Æã ŸêÖ‡¨ÝPÝǨ‡ AÇʇᮈW‡Úʈ. AʇâW‡Ù‡ G¨‡áÇá C¨‡á ‘ʇáÄ’ Cܨ‡íñˆ. B¨‡Ãˆ C¨‡Ã‡ Ë͈àÐ‡Êˆà ¸ˆàÈ. A±‡Ã‡ã±‡¨‡‰È A±‡Ã‡ã±‡. Ó‡í±‡ä|ìÊÝX P‡qrWˆÀáí¨‡ ¯Ê‡Þì|Wˆãíw¨ˆ. A¨‡ã Gí¥‡ P‡qrWˆ. Jí¨‡QRíñ‡ Jí¨‡á »ÝÄ. P‡|¾®‡ ñ‡~Ó‡áʇ A¨‡á½ñ‡ bñݤÇW‡Ù‡á, P‡áÓ‡áÄ Pˆñ‡¤®ˆW‡Ù‡ »‡ívÝÇ. ʈáàLj Pˆí±‡â Öˆíb®‡ aÝʇ~.
»èWˆãàÚP‡ÊÝX ±‡¨‡¾®Ý»‡±‡âÇ DW‡ ñ‡ËáÙ‡á®Ýw®‡‰Èܨ‡Ã‡ã A¨‡Ã‡ ʇáãÆ ¸ˆàÇáW‡Ù‡á CÇáʇ⨇á PˆàÇه¨‡‰È. ×àWÝXÁáà C‰È ¯àʇâ PÝ|áʇ⨇á PˆàÇه¨‡ ͈çȿᮇá°.
»‡Ê‡Â P‡orv‡¨‡ JÙ‡Wˆ ±‡ÅʈàÎÔ ÊˆáàLjàĨ‡Ãˆ ʈ㨇Æá G¨‡áÃÝW‡áʇ⨇á ʇáíñ‡ÅÍÝLj A¥‡ÊÝ ÃÝg®‡ ÃÝgÓ‡»ˆ (BÓݧ®‡). ʇáí£ÅW‡Ùˆãí©Wˆ ӇʇÞLjãàa‡®ˆ, A£¦W‡Ù‡®‡á° ÓÝÌW‡£Ó‡Æá ÃÝgÇáW‡Ù‡á C¨‡®‡á° ŸÙ‡Ó‡á£¤Ü¨‡Ã‡á.
PˆÙ‡Ê‡ááSÊݨ‡ P‡qrWˆ ±‡qrW‡Úí¨‡ ±‡ÅʈàÎÔ JÙ‡Wˆ‰Æ ʇáí¨‡ÊÝX ևÇwPˆãÙ‡áÛʇ ¸ˆÙ‡P‡á D BÓݧ®‡PˆR Ë͈àЇ P‡Ùˆ ñ‡í©¨ˆ. D P‡qrWˆ ±‡qrW‡Ù‡ hˆãàv‡Oˆ ÖˆàX¨ˆ Gí¨‡Ãˆ Cʇâ WÝÚ, «‡ãÙ‡®‡á° ñ‡vˆ¨‡á Ó‡¨ÝPÝÆ JÙ‡Wˆ ñ‡í±ÝXÇáʇíñˆ ʇÞv‡áñ‡¤Êˆ.
 |
|
P‡Çˆ ʇÞñ‡Åʇ‰Æ; ÊÝӇᤱ‡Åhˆn ×®ˆ°Çˆ¿á‰Æã AÇʇᮈ W‡Ê‡á®‡ ÓˆÙˆ¿ááñ‡¤¨ˆ
|
C‰Çˆãí¨‡á bñݤP‡Ð‡ìP‡ ñ‡ãW‡á ©à±‡Ë¨ˆ. ʇááíWÝLj£¤ ¯íñ‡ P‡á¨‡áÈ¿á PÝÆ ŸÚ GOˆ¡ ÖÝP‡áʇ ŸorÆ®‡á° ¯ËáìÔܨÝÈ.
D Ö‡hÝǨ‡ C®ˆã°í¨‡á Ë͈àЇ Gí¨‡Ãˆ C‰È®‡ ®ˆÆ. ʈçË«‡Âʇá¿á ʇӇᤠŸÙ‡Ô Ô¨‡œ±‡wÔ¨‡ D Äà£¿á ®ˆÆ Cw AÇʇᮈ¿á‰È ¸ˆàȉÆã C‰Æ.
Ó‡ÌÆ³ JÙ‡ ÖˆãਇÈ ÔW‡áÊ‡â¨‡á ¥ÝÀá PˆãoÅí A¥‡ÊÝ ÃÝgʇÞñˆ¿á Pˆãs‡w. C¨‡Ã‡ Ó‡Ëáే¨‡‰È HPÝíñ‡ ʇáío±‡ C¨ˆ. C‰È Jí¨‡á Cw P‡qrWˆ¿á P‡íŸ¨‡ ʈáàLj ʇÞv‡Çݨ‡ P‡áÓ‡áÄ Pˆñ‡¤®ˆ A¨‡á½ñ‡.
C®ˆã°í¨‡á ±Ý͇Ìì©í¨‡ PˆÙ‡XÚ¨‡á Ÿí¨‡Ãˆ ®ÝoP‡ÍÝLj A¥‡ÊÝ ®‡êñÝÂíW‡|˨ˆ. ×í¨ˆ‰Æ ÃÝgÃ‡á ±‡ÅhˆW‡Ù‡ P‡~¡Wˆ ¹àÙ‡áÊ‡â¨ˆà ŸÖ‡Ù‡ P‡wʈá. ÃÝg P‡áoáퟨ‡ ʇá×ÙÝ Ó‡¨‡Ó‡ÂÇ®‡°íñ‡ã g®‡ ®ˆãàv‡áʇíñˆÁáà CÇȉÆ. ×àWÝX ®ÝoP‡ÍÝLj¿á‰È P‡ÇÝ ±‡Å¨‡Í‡ì®‡ ®‡vˆ¿áᣤܨ‡Ãˆ g®‡PˆR PÝ|¨‡íñˆ ʇá×Ùˆ¿áÃ‡á ®ˆãàv‡Æá QíwW‡Ù‡ ʇÂʇӈ§Àᨈ. C‰È®‡ ®ˆÆ £àÃÝ ®‡á|á±ÝXܨ‡á P‡®‡°w¿áíñˆ ¯Ê‡á¾ ʇááSʇ®‡á° ¯àʇ⠮ˆãàwPˆãه۟ևᨇá.
AÇʇᮈ¿á ʇ᫇ »ÝW‡¨‡‰È ®ÝÆáR Aíñ‡Ô¤®‡ P‡orv‡Êˆäí©¨ˆ. ®ÝÆR®ˆà Aíñ‡Ó‡á¤ ÃÝgÇ ±‡ähÝ W‡êÖ‡. C‰È®‡ WˆãàvˆW‡Ù‡ ʈáàLj‰Æ ±‡âÃÝ|¨‡ bñ‡ÅW‡Úʈ.
PˆÙ‡X®‡ Aíñ‡Ô¤®‡‰È ÃÝg®‡ ͇¿ÞÂW‡êÖ‡Ëܨ‡á, 64 ŸWˆ¿á Xv‡Ê‡áãÈPˆW‡Ù‡á ʇáñ‡á¤ LЇ˜à¿á P‡qrWˆW‡Úí¨‡ ñ‡¿ÞÄÔ¨‡ ʇáía‡ Ë͈àЇ BP‡Ð‡ìOˆ. C¨‡®‡á° v‡a… ʇñ‡ìP‡®ˆãŸº ÃÝg¯Wˆ PÝ~Pˆ¿ÞX Pˆãqrܨ‡ G®‡°ÇÝW‡áñ‡¤¨ˆ. C¨‡‰Æ¨ˆ Ó‡¨Ý ñ‡í±ÝXÇáʇ P‡‰È®‡ ʇáía‡Êˆäí©¨ˆ.
 |
|
W‡ñ‡PÝÆ¨‡ ʈ织ʇ¨‡ P‡¥ˆ ÖˆàÙ‡áʇ AÇʇᮈ¿á bñݤǨ‡ P‡íŸW‡Ù‡á
|
AÇʇᮈ ±‡Åʈà͇ ¨ÝÌǨ‡ ʈáàLjÁáà W‡w¿ÞǨ‡ WˆãేâÇËܨ‡á, 300 ʇЇ쨇 ×í¨ˆ AهʇwÓ‡Çݨ‡ W‡w¿ÞÇ DW‡Æã PÝ¿áì ¯Ê‡ì×Ӈᣤ¨ˆ.
AÇʇᮈ¿á‰È Ó‡áʇÞÇá 1 ÓÝËÇ g®‡ HP‡PÝÆPˆR P‡áÚñ‡áPˆãÙ‡ÛŸÖ‡á¨Ý¨‡ ËÍÝÆ Ö‡hÝÇ, ñ‡áñ‡áì Ô§£¿á‰È ÃÝg ±‡ÄÊÝÇ ±ÝÃÝW‡Æá W‡á±‡¤ ʇÞW‡ì (DW‡ C¨‡®‡á° ʇáábcܨÝÈ), Jí¨‡á Pˆãs‡w ñ‡áíŸ Ev‡áWˆãÈ¿ÞX Ÿí¨‡ b௠²íWÝ~ ʇӇá¤W‡Ù‡á, Ö‡Ùˆ¿á PÝÆ¨‡ ͇ÓÝ÷Ó‡÷W‡Ù‡ ¨ÝÓݤ¯¨ˆ.
B«‡á¯P‡ ÍèaÝÆ¿áW‡Ù‡®‡á° ÖˆãàÆáʇ ÍèaÝÆ¿á Ó‡Ö‡ AÇʇᮈ¿á JÙ‡ »ÝW‡¨‡‰È¨ˆ.
×®ˆ°Çˆ
1592&1609Ç Aʇ˜¿á‰È PˆàÇهʇ®‡á° BÚ¨‡ CÃ‡Ë CÃ‡Ë Ê‡Ê‡áì P‡áÆÍˆàSÇ ±ˆÃ‡áʇÞÙ… 1600Ç‰È D AÇʇᮈ P‡qrÔ¨‡.
®ÝoP‡ ÍÝLj ¯Ê‡Þì|ÊÝXܨ‡á Ó‡íXàñ‡ ±ˆÅàËá ¨ˆãÈ ÓÝÌ£ £Ã‡á®ÝÙ… PÝÆ¨‡‰È (BÚÌPˆ: 1829& 1846).
19®ˆà ͇ñ‡Ê‡Þ®‡¨‡‰È £Ã‡áÊÝíP‡ãÇá AÇӇÇá ÃÝg«Ý¯¿á®‡á° £Ã‡áʇ®‡íñ‡±‡âÇPˆR Ÿ¨‡ÇÝÀáÔ¨‡ ŸÚP‡ D AÇʇᮈ A®Ý¥‡ÊÝÀáñ‡á. B¨‡Ãˆ ñ‡ËáÙ‡á®Ýv‡á ±ÝÅa‡ÂʇӇᤠCÇÝTˆ DW‡ AÇʇᮈ¿á®‡á° Ó‡áÔ§£¿á‰È Cqrܨ‡á, ¯Ê‡ìÖ‡Oˆ ®ˆãàwPˆãÙ‡áÛ£¤¨ˆ. AÇʇᮈWˆ Çû‡Oˆ ¯àv‡Æá 4 QËá ËÔ¤à|쨇 Pˆãàpˆ¿áã C¨ˆ.
G‰È ÖˆàWˆ?
±‡¨‡¾®Ý»‡±‡âÇ CÇáÊ‡â¨‡á £Ã‡áʇ®‡íñ‡±‡âÇ& P‡®ÝÂP‡áʇÞÄ ÃÝÑóà¿á ֈܨÝÄ¿á‰È. £Ã‡áʇ®‡íñ‡±‡âÇ©í¨‡ 63 QËá ¨‡ãÇ ÓÝX Gv‡PˆR 6 QËá JÙ‡ ÖˆãàW‡¸ˆàP‡á. ±‡Îcʇá Zor ͈Åà~¿á ʈàÈ ¸ˆor¨‡ ñ‡Ù‡»ÝW‡¨‡‰È, ʈàÈ ®‡© ¨‡ívˆ¿á‰È¨ˆ D FÇá. Ö‡£¤-Ǩ‡ ÈçÆá ¯Çݪ| ®ÝW‡-Ç-Pˆã-ÀáÇ…. P‡®ÝÂ-P‡á-ʇÞ-ÄWˆ 34 QËá.
ʇӇ£ ʇÂʇӈ§
C‰È ¨ˆãv‡x ÖˆãàpˆÇ… A¥‡ÊÝ Ê‡Ó‡£ W‡êÖ‡W‡Ú‰Æ. ÓÝ«ÝÇ| ¨‡hˆì E±‡ÖÝÇ ʇáí©Ã‡W‡Ù‡á Æ»‡Â. AÇʇᮈ Ëàû‡OˆWˆ ͇áÆR Pˆãv‡¸ˆàP‡á. Ӈʇá¿á ¸ˆÚWˆY 9.30 Äí-¨‡ ʇá«ÝÂÖ‡° 4. Óˆãàʇá-ÊÝÇ ʇáñ‡á¤ ÃÝÑóà¿á -ÇhÝ ©®‡W‡-Ù‡í¨‡á Ÿí¨…. ±‡ÅÊÝÔ Ê‡ÞW‡ì¨‡Îì Ó‡ÖÝ¿áÊ‡ä Æ»‡Â.